Category Archives: Genetics and Plant Breeding

Batata-doce biofortificada: do desenvolvimento de novas cultivares ao consumidor

por: Professor Pablo Forlan Vargas, for English version click here

Foto por Bianca Santos Matinata

Ainda há no Brasil bolsões onde a hipovitaminose A é um grave problema de saúde pública, que pode levar a uma série de doenças, tais como síndrome ocular denominada xeroftalmia (que pode levar a cegueira), afeta negativamente o sistema imunológico e em crianças provoca o déficit de crescimento, baixo desempenho cognitivo e aumento da gravidade de infecções.

Assim, visando contribuir com o suprimento adequado de vitamina A, a Unesp iniciou em 2017 um pioneiro programa de melhoramento genético de batata-doce, com foco em biofortificação com betacaroteno, precursor da vitamina A.

A primeira etapa do projeto teve como meta introduzir genótipos de batata-doce de polpa alaranjada e selecionar aqueles com melhor desempenho agronômico aliado a altos teores de betacaroteno. Esse processo de seleção de genótipos superiores ocorreu por dois ciclos de seleção e em três regiões do estado de São Paulo (clique nas imagens para vê-las em tamanho real).

De um conjunto de mais de mil genótipos, foram selecionados para a segunda etapa 24 genótipos, que possuíam boas características agronômicas e altos teores de betacaroteno. Novos campos de seleção foram instalados em três localidades do estado de São Paulo e em três épocas de cultivo, assim, foi possível verificar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade desses genótipos nas diferentes condições adafoclimáticas de cultivo. Adicionalmente, foi realizado uma análise sensorial das raízes cozidas, a fim de verificar a aceitação por parte dos consumidores.

Identificados genótipos promissores que poderão, num futuro próximo, serem lançados como cultivares Unesp, foi realizado a introdução desses genótipos em dois grupos da população, a fim de iniciar o processo de promoção do consumo e cultivo da batata-doce biofortificada.

A primeira ação de introdução ocorreu no Quilombo Peropava, localizado no município de Registro (SP). Na oportunidade, foram apresentadas aos moradores do quilombo as características dessa hortaliça, bem como seus benefícios a saúde humana. Diferentes formas de consumo foram preparadas e degustadas pelos presentes. Também houve o plantio de mudas de batata-doce biofortificada visando à contínua disponibilidade de raízes aos moradores do quilombo.

Em Tapiraí (SP), na Associação Rural Comunitária de Promoção Humana e Proteção à Natureza, em parceria com o “Legado das Águas – Reserva Votorantimfoi realizado plantio de diferentes genótipos de batata-doce, visando o cultivo com foco comercial, haja vista que os membros dessa associação comercializam seus produtos em feiras livres na região de Sorocaba (SP). Além do plantio e posterior colheita juntamente com os associados, foram transmitidos informações sobre técnicas de cultivo de batata-doce, bem como as características nutricionais da batata-doce biofortificada.

As próximas ações do programa de melhoramento são realizar o lançamento de cultivares de batata-doce biofortificada, com os respectivos Registro e Proteção das cultivares no Ministério de Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, assim como a disponibilização de propágulos/mudas dessas cultivares biofortificada para a sociedade.

O desenvolvimento deste projeto está sendo realizado com a colaboração do International Potato Center, por meio da pesquisadora associada do projeto Dra. Maria Isabel Andrade, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) da FCAV, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia (Sistemas de Produção) da FE, FCAVR, CERAT, FAPESP, Prope, Proec e AIUN.

O projeto faz parte das ações da Aliança Global de Pesquisa “BioGATe – Abordagem multidisciplinar da biodiversidade tropical, das moléculas aos ecossistemas” (https://arex.unesp.br/gra/biogate/), coordenado na Unesp/ FCAV, dentro do Projeto Unesp de Internacionalização Unesp – Capes – PrInt.

Fotos por Bianca Santos Matinata

Biofortified sweet potato: from the development of new cultivars to the consumer

by: Professor Pablo Forlan Vargas, originally published in

Photo by Bianca Santos Matinata

There are still areas in Brazil where hypovitaminosis A is a serious public health problem, which can lead to a range of diseases, such as xerophthalmia (which can cause blindness), negatively affect the immune system, and in children, resulting in growth deficits, low cognitive performance, and increased severity of infections.

To contribute to the adequate supply of vitamin A, Unesp started a pioneering genetic improvement program for sweet potatoes in 2017, with a focus on biofortification with beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A.

The first stage of the project aimed to introduce genotypes of orange-fleshed sweet potatoes and select those with better agronomic performance combined with high levels of beta-carotene. This process of selecting superior genotypes occurred through two cycles of selection in three regions of the state of São Paulo.

From a set of over a thousand genotypes, 24 were selected for the second stage, which had good agronomic characteristics and high levels of beta-carotene. New selection fields were installed in three locations in São Paulo state and during three planting seasons to verify the adaptability and stability of these genotypes under different environmental conditions. Additionally, sensory analysis of the cooked roots was conducted to verify consumer acceptance.

Promising genotypes were identified that could be launched as Unesp cultivars in the near future. The introduction of these genotypes into two population groups was carried out to initiate the process of promoting the consumption and cultivation of biofortified sweet potatoes.

The first introduction action occurred in Quilombo Peropava, located in the municipality of Registro (SP). The characteristics of this vegetable and its benefits to human health were presented to the residents of the quilombo. Different forms of consumption were prepared and tasted by those present. Biofortified sweet potato seedlings were also planted to ensure a continuous supply of roots to the residents of the quilombo.

In Tapiraí (SP), at the Rural Community Association for Human Promotion and Nature Protection in partnership with “Legado das Águas – Reserva Votorantim, different genotypes of sweet potato were planted with a commercial focus, as the members of this association sell their products in open-air markets in the Sorocaba region (SP). Information on sweet potato cultivation techniques and the nutritional characteristics of biofortified sweet potatoes were transmitted during planting and subsequent harvest with the members of the association.

The next actions of the breeding program are to release biofortified sweet potato cultivars, register and protect them with the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply, as well as provide seedlings of these biofortified cultivars to society.

The development of this project is being carried out with the collaboration of the International Potato Center, through project-associated researcher Dr. Maria Isabel Andrade, the Graduate Program in Agronomy (Genetics and Plant Breeding) of FCAV, the Graduate Program in Agronomy (Production Systems) of FE, FCAVR, CERAT, FAPESP, Prope, Proec, and AIUN.

The project is part of the actions of the Global Research Alliance “BioGATe – Multidisciplinary approach to tropical biodiversity, from molecules to ecosystems” (https://arex.unesp.br/gra/biogate/), coordinated at Unesp/FCAV within the Unesp-Capes-PrInt Internationalization Project.

Photo by Bianca Santos Matinata

Genetic improvement of sweet potato with a focus on biofortification

by: Professor Pablo Forlan Vargas, originally published in here.

CERAT conducts extension activity with biofortified sweet potatoes in Quilombo Peropava.

The UNESP Center for Tropical Roots and Starches, also known as CERAT, initiated a sweet potato genetic improvement program in 2017 with a specific focus on biofortification through beta-carotene, which serves as a precursor to vitamin A. This project has the collaboration of the International Potato Center, through the research of Dr. Maria Isabel Andrade.

Currently, in its final stage, the research project aims to launch new cultivars in the near future. To increase awareness of this social technology, CERAT hosted an extension program from October 20th to 22nd, aiming to introduce biofortified sweet potatoes into people’s diets and cultivation. This event is part of the Thematic Extension Network, specifically the Memory, History, and Scientific Literacy of Life Sciences.

Figure 1. From left to right: cooked biofortified sweet potatoes, juice, biscuits, bread, and pie.

In Quilombo Peropava, located in Registro-SP, CERAT organized an activity targeted towards introducing sweet potatoes into the local diet, with a focus on women (especially those who are pregnant and lactating) and children, who have the greatest demand for vitamin A. The community was presented with various biofortified sweet potato products, including bread, biscuits, pie, pudding, and juice.

Figure 2. Participants of the event and the developed products.

Moreover, a demonstration field was established in the Rural Community Association for Human Promotion and Nature Protection in Tapiraí, showcasing five materials (genotypes intended to be launched as new cultivars). Producer counseling activities were also conducted, covering soil preparation, planting, and cultivation techniques for sweet potato crops. The members were also provided with information on the characteristics of these new materials.

CERAT extends its gratitude to FCAVR of UNESP, Post-Graduate Program in Agronomy (Genetics and Plant Breeding) of UNESP, Interssan of UNESP, Fapesp, and the International Potato Center for their support.

Figure 3. From left to right: opening of the groove and fertilization, planting of the stems, and planted stems.